J Vet Dent 22(4) - December 2005

Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet; John R. Lewis, VMD; Jennifer E. Rawlinson, DVM; Margherita Gracis, DVM

Summary:

Nine client-owned dogs presented with periodontally and/or endodontically involved mandibular or maxillary carnassial teeth that were either individually affected or adjacent to a jaw fracture. A total of 10 teeth were hemisected (8 mandibular first molar teeth and 2 maxillary fourth premolar teeth), and one crown-root segment was extracted for each tooth. Gingival tissues were approximated and sutured over the extraction sites, and the retained tooth portions were treated by means of standard root canal therapy or vital pulp therapy followed by standard root canal therapy. Retained crown-root segments of 2 of the 10 hemisected teeth were extracted following short- and long-term postoperative examinations due to continued periodontal complications. It was concluded that resection of a portion of a tooth can be a useful treatment for periodontally and/or endodontically involved carnassial teeth that are affected individually or located adjacent to a jaw fracture in dogs. J Vet Dent 22(4); 216 - 226, 2005

Immunohistochemical Identification of Lymphatic Vessels in the Periodontium of Equine Cheek Teeth

Carsten Staszyk, Dr med vet; Katja F. Duesterdieck, Dr med vet, MS; Hagen Gasse, Dr med vet; Astrid Bienert, Dr med vet

Summary:

Immunohistochemical detection of lymphatic capillaries was performed in the periodontium of maxillary and mandibular cheek teeth from 6 horses (aged 3-23 years). Tissue sections of the periodontium were taken at 4 different horizontal levels along the long axis of the tooth. The specimens were processed for immunoreaction with anti-Prox1, in order to distinguish lymphatic endothelium from blood vascular endothelium. Lymphatic vessels were detected in all periodontal tissues except for the dental cementum. Lymphatic capillaries were most densely distributed in the gingiva compared to other tissues of the periodontium. Lymphatic capillaries were found most consistently in samples taken from the gingival and subgingival regions in all horses examined. Within these levels, the gingiva as well as the spongiosa of the maxillary and mandibular bone had the greatest incidence of lymphatic vessels. Considering the distinct distribution of the lymphatic capillaries in the periodontium of the maxillary and mandibular cheek teeth, two complementary lymphatic drainage pathways are proposed: (1) superficial lymph drainage via the gingiva, emptying into the mandibular lymph nodes; (2) deep lymph drainage via the mandibular and maxillary spongiosa, emptying into the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes, respectively. J Vet Dent 22(4): 227 - 232, 2005

Repair of a Gingival Cleft Associated with a Maxillary Canine Tooth in a Dog

Jennifer E. Rawlinson, DVM; Alexander M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet

Summary:

This case report describes repair of a gingival cleft located on the labial aspect of the maxillary left canine tooth in a client-owned dog. Multiple procedures were performed including elevation of a pedicle flap, granulation tissue removal, alveoloplasty and root planing, and placement of an osteoconductive bone graft material. The surgical site was closed with a laterally repositioned flap. Postoperative examinations were performed at 2 and 3-weeks without chemical restraint and at 3 and 10-months postoperatively under general anesthesia. At the 10-month postoperative examination, a broad band of gingiva surrounded the maxillary left canine tooth, and probing revealed absence of periodontal pockets. Intraoral dental radiographs indicated maintenance of alveolar bone height and incorporation of the bone graft material into alveolar bone. J Vet Dent 22 (4); 234 - 242, 2005

VETERINARY DENTIST AT WORK

Repair of an Oronasal Fistula Using a Double Flap Technique

Andrea van de Wetering, DVM

A 9-year-old neutered male miniature Dachshund dog was referred for repair of a right-sided oronasal fistula. The referring veterinarian had performed full mouth extractions due to end stage periodontal disease 1-month previously. At the time the extractions were performed, it was reported that the dog had bilateral oronasal fistulas at the site of the maxillary right (104) and left (204) canine teeth. The primary closure at the maxillary canine extraction sites had consisted of a single flap technique (buccal mucoperiosteal sliding flap).¹ The 204 extraction site had healed without complication, however the 104 extraction site wound closure had failed with nasal turbinates clearly visible through the defect (Fig. 1). A double flap technique was planned to repair the defect...

FOUNDATIONS

Clarification of Veterinary Dental Nomenclature

Jan E. Bellows, DVM; Yvan Dumais, DVM, Marco A. Gioso, DVM, DDS, PhD; Alex M. Reiter, Dipl Tzt, Dr med vet; Frank J. M. Verstraete, DrMedVet

The Nomenclature Committee of the American Veterinary Dental College was charged with review and clarification of veterinary dental nomenclature. The Committee's report as approved by the Board of Directors of the American Veterinary Dental College is presented in this Foundations feature. The Editor endorses the Committee's recommendations and encourages authors submitting manuscripts to comply with the following guidelines. Definitions of nomenclature adopted by the American Veterinary Dental College may be changed in the future as additional information is reviewed. Visit www.AVDC.org for the most current version...

STEP-BY-STEP

Lateral Sliding Pedicle Flap for Gingival Cleft at the Maxillary Canine Tooth